Ncert solutions science class 8 Solutions for Chapter 1 crop production and management

Which one of the following condition is not essential to grow maize?

(a) High temperature

(c) Low temperature

(b) Humidity

(d) Rainfall

Q1) Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called ____________.

b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.

c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.

d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.

Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____________.

(b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.

Q 2) Match items in column A with those in column B.

Propagation of ginger is generally done using

(a) seed

(b) root

(c) stem (rhizome)

(d) leaf

Match items in column A with those in column B.

Which of the following statement is not true for organic manure?

(a) It enhances water holding capacity of soil.

(b) It has a balance of all plant nutrients.

(c) It provides humus to soil.

(d) It improves texture of soil.

Q3) Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil

(b) Sowing

(c) Weeding

(d) Threshing

Q 4) Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil (b) Sowing

(c) Weeding (d) Threshing

State TRUE or FALSE:

The process of separating the grain from the chaff is known as threshing.

Which of the following process of crop cultivation is shown in the image below?

The term used for the process of separation of grains from chaff is

(a) sieving

(b) threshing

(c) winnowing

(d) hand picking

Read the statements given below.

(i) Seeds require moisture for germination.

(ii) Plants can absorb nutrients mostly in dissolved form.

(iii) Irrigation protects crops from both frost and hot air currents.

(iv) Irrigation improves soil texture.

Choose the combination of statements which indicate the need to irrigate crops.

(a) i and ii

(b) i, ii, iii

(c) i, ii, iii, iv

(d) i and iii

Explain how fertilisers are different from manure

Q 5) Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.

Which of the following tools would a farmer use to remove weeds from the field?

(a) Hoe

(c) Axe

(b) Plough

(d) Cultivator

What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

Q6) What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

Q 7) If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Which of the following is not true for fertilisers?

(a) They increase the yield.

(b) Their excessive use disturbs the balance of nutrients in soil.

(c) They are generally used in small quantity.

(d) They are environment friendly.

If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Given below are statements about the harmful effects of weeds on crop plants.

(i) They interfere in harvesting.

(ii) They help crop plants to grow healthily.

(iii) They compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light.

(iv) They affect plant growth.

Choose the correct combination of statements.

(a) i, iii, iv

(b) iii only

(c) iii, iv

(d) i, ii, iii, iv

Q8) Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Q9) What are weeds? How can we control them?

What are weeds? How can we control them?

Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

The monsoon season in our country is during the months

(a) April to December

(b) June to September

(c) November to March

(d) January to May

Q 10) Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

State TRUE or FALSE:

Crops are harvested with the help of a machine called a harvester.

Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.

Down

1. Providing water to the crops.

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.

5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.

Across

3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.

4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.

6. A process of separating the grain from chaff.

State TRUE or FALSE:

Granaries and Silos are used for the large-scale storage of grains.

Q 11) Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.

Down

1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
3. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.

Across

4. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
5. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from chaff.

The system of irrigation where in water is supplied drop by drop near the roots of plants, is called

(a) pulley system

(b) drip system

(c) sprinkler system

(d) lever system

Pick out the odd one from the following words given in the box and give reason for it.

Plough, Seed Drill, Hoe, Chain Pump, Sickle

If you are given a dry piece of land for cultivation what will you do before sowing the seeds?

State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the false statements.

(i) Using good quality seed is the only criterion to get high yield.

(ii) Growing different crops in different seasons in the same field will deplete the soil of nutrients.

(iii) All crop plants are sown as seeds in the field.

(iv) Cells of root nodules of leguminous plants fix nitrogen.

(v) Freshly harvested grains must be dried before storing.

During which months do farmers grow mustard in India?

Which activity of the farmer can promote growth of earthworms and microbes in the field?

Beera, wants to practice crop rotation in his field. Suggest a Rabi crop and a Kharif crop which will replenish his field with nitrogen. Which crop replenishes nitrogen and why?

Match the agricultural implements given in Column A with their use given in Column B.

Column A Column B

(i) Sickle (a) Ploughing

(ii) Hoe (b) Sowing

(iii) Seed Drill (c) Harvesting

(iv) Sprinkler (d) Irrigation

What are organic foods?

From the word puzzle given as Fig. find atleast eight words which are ‘farmer’s friends.’ Classify them into living and non living.

(a) Name the tool used with a tractor for sowing seeds in a field.

(b) What are the advantages of using this tool?

(a) Name the practice followed for large scale rearing of farm animals.

(b) What facilities are provided to farm animals?

Clasify the following crops into Khariff and Rabi crops and write in the tabular column given below:

Maize, paddy, mustard, pea, gram, wheat, groundnut, cotton.

Despite favourable climatic conditions, a farmer’s crop failed to give good yield. Give the possible reasons for this.

As a part of eco-club activity students were asked to raise a kitchen garden in the school premises. They were provided with some materials given in the box. List the other materials you would require. How will you plan the garden? Write the steps.

Paddy is a major cereal crop in our country.

(a) In which season is paddy cultivated?

(b) Discuss the method of sowing.

(c) What measures must be taken to prevent spoilage and insect attack of harvested grains.

Unscramble the words related to crop production and its management and write in the boxes given beneath them.

Now, using the circled letters, form one word which is an activity carried out in fields, after maturation of crops.

Given below is a conversation between two farmers Heera and Beera.

Heera : Brother Beera, your maize crops looks beautiful! They have grown pretty fast.

Beera : Yes, I have sprayed urea this time. What about you?

Heera : Well, I am still relying on good old cow dung. I am saving money for buying a tractor.

Beera : That’s good. Tractor saves a lot of time and labour.

Heera : Yes, it’s been very labour intensive for me and now these weeds have come up.

Beera : Try weedicides, they are very effective.

Now answer the following questions.

(i) List the practices which are not environment friendly and why?

(ii) What is the advantage of modern agriculture implements over traditional ones?

(iii) Name one weedicide and the precaution farmers must take during its application.

For discussion Despite being one of the growing economies, our country still has a large section of population going hungry and malnourished. Do you think an efficient crop production mechanism is the only solution to this? Discuss in the class what else needs to be done to root out hunger and malnutrition from our country.

Terms related to agricultural practice are given below. Rearrange them in the correct sequence. harvesting, sowing, manuring, tilling and ploughing, irrigation, de–weeding.