Lakhmir Singh Solutions - Chemistry - Class 9 solutions for Chapter 1 Matter in Our Surroundings

What is the scientific name of particles which make up matter?

What are the conditions for ‘something’ to be called ‘matter’?

A piece of chalk can be broken into small particles by hammering but a piece of iron cannot be broken into small particles by hammering. Which characteristic of the particles of matter is illustrated by these observations?

Name two processes which provide the best evidence for the motion of particles in matter.

Which single term is used to describe the mixing of copper sulphate and water kept in a beaker, on its own?

When sugar is dissolved in water, there is no increase in the volume. Which characteristic of matter is illustrated by this observation?

Even two or three crystals of potassium permanganate can impart colour to a very large volume of water. Which characteristic of particles of matter is illustrated by this observation?

When an incense stick (agarbatti) is lighted in one corner of a room, its fragrance spreads in the whole room quickly. Which characteristic of the particles of matter is illustrated by this observation?

What is the general name of :

(a) Rigid form of matter?

What is the general name of of:

Fluid form of matter?

Out of solids, liquids and gases, which one has:

(a) Maximum movement of particles?

Out of solids, liquids and gases, which one has:

(b) Maximum interparticle attractions?

Out of solids, liquids and gases, which one has:

(c) Minimum spaces between particles?

A substance has a definite volume but no definite shape’. State whether this substance is a solid, a liquid ,a gas.

Name the physical state of matter which can be easily compressed.

‘A substance has a definite shape as well as definite volume’. Which physical state is represented by statement?

A substance has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume. State whether it is solid, a liquid or a gas.

Name two gases which are supplied in compressed form in homes and hospitals.

Write the full form of the following:

(a) LPG

Which of the two diffuses faster: a liquid or a gas?

Which of the two diffuses slower: bromine vapour into air or copper sulphate into water?

Name a process by which a drop of ink spreads in a beaker of water.

Write the full form of the following:

(b) CNG

State whether the following statement is true or false:

Red-brown bromine vapour diffuses into air in a gas jar but the colourless air molecules do not diffuse bromine vapour.

A bottle of perfume was opened in a room. The smell of its vapours spread in the entire room. Name the property of gases which is responsible for this behaviour of perfume vapours.

If a fish is being fried in a neighbouring home, we can smell it sitting in our own home. Name the property which brings this smell to us.

Name one property of liquids and gases which tells us that their molecules are moving constantly.

When a crystal of potassium permanganate is placed in a beaker, its purple colour spreads throughout the water. What does this observation tell us about the nature of potassium permanganate and water?

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(b) The smell of perfume gradually spreads across a room due to ….

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(a) The best evidence that the particles of matter are constantly moving comes from the studies of….. and….

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

c) Solid, liquid and gas are the three…. of matter

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(e) The arrangement of particles is less ordered in the ….. state. However, there is no order the … state.

State two characteristics of matter demonstrated by:

(a) Diffusion

State two characteristics of matter demonstrated by:

(b) Brownian motion

Name the scientist who studied the movement of pollen grains suspended in water through a microscope. What is the phenomenon known as?

Describe in your own words, what happens to the particles when salt dissolves in water.

Explain why, we can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a plank of wood, we need a karate expert.

Give one example of the diffusion of a solid in another solid.

Which of the following diffuses fastest and which the slowest? Solid, Liquid and Gas. Give reasons for your answer.

Explain the following:

When an incense stick is lighted in the corner of a room, its fragrance spreads quickly in the entire room.

Name the three states of matter. Give one example of each

Why do gases have neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume?

How do solid, liquids and gases differ in shape and volume?

Give two reasons to justify that:

(b) An iron almirah is a solid.

(b) Give one example of diffusion of gases in a liquid

(b) Why do gases diffuse very fast?

(c) Name two gases of air which dissolve in water by diffusion. What is the importance of this process in nature?

(b) Give two reasons for saying that wood is a solid.

A form of matter has no fixed shape but it has a fixed volume. An example of this form of matter is:

(a) Krypton

(b) Kerosene

(c) Carbon steel

(d) Carbon dioxide

Explain why, the diffusion of the solid in another solid is a very slow process.

When a gas jar full of air is placed upside down on a gas jar full of bromine vapours, the red-brown vapour of bromine from the lower jar go upward into the jar containing air. In this experiment:

(a) Air is heavier than bromine

(b) Both air and bromine have the same density

(c) Bromine is heavier than air

(d) Bromine cannot be heavier than air because it is going upward against gravity.

Which of the following statement is correct?

(a) The particles of matter are very, very small

(b) The particles of matter attract one another

(c) The particles of some of the matter are moving constantly

(d) The particles of all the matter have spaces between them

Which of the following statement is not true?

(a) The molecules in a solid vibrate about a fixed position

(b) The molecules in liquid are arranged in a regular pattern

(c) The molecules in a gas exert negligibly small forces on each other, except during collisions

(d) The molecules of a gas occupy all the space available.

When a gas jar containing colourless air is kept upside down over a gas jar full of brown coloured bromine vapour, then after some time, the brown colour of bromine vapour spreads into the upper gas jar making both the gas jar appears brown in colour. Which of the following conclusion obtained from these observations is incorrect?

(a) Bromine vapour is made of tiny particles which are moving

(b) Air is made up of tiny particles which are moving

(c) The particles of bromine are moving but those of air are not moving

(d) Even though bromine vapour is heavier than air, it can move up against gravity

(a) Compare the properties of solids, liquids and gases in tabular form.

When a gas jar containing air is inverted over a gas jar containing bromine vapour, the red-brown bromine vapour diffuse into air. Explain how bromine vapour diffuses into air.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(d) At room temperature, the forces of attraction between the particles of solid substances are …. than those which exist in the gaseous state.

State two characteristic properties each of:

(c) a gas

State two characteristic properties each of:

(b) a liquid

State two characteristic properties each of:

(a) a solid

Arrange the following substances in increasing order of force of attraction between their particles (keeping the substance having the minimum force of attraction first): Water, Sugar, Oxygen

Give reason of the following observation:

The smell of hot sizzling food reaches us even from a considerable distance but to get the smell from cold food, we have to go close to it.

Give two reasons to justify that:

(a) Water is a liquid at room temperature.

(a) When an incense stick (agarbatti) is lighted in one corner of a room, its fragrance quickly spreads in the entire room. Name the process involved in this.

Explain how, the smell of being cooked in the kitchen reaches us even from a considerable distance.

Explain why, when a bottle of perfume is opened in a room, we can smell it even from a considerable distance.

When a crystal of copper sulphate is placed at the bottom of a beaker containing water, the water slowly turns blue. why?

Honey is more viscous then water. Can you suggest why?

Explain why:

(a) Air is used to inflate tyres.

Explain why, diffusion occurs more quickly in a gas than in a liquid.

(a) What is meant by ‘diffusion’? Give one example of diffusion in gases.

(b) Why does a gas fill a vessel completely?

(a) Define matter. Give four examples of matter.

(b) What are the characteristics of matter?

(a) What is Brownian motion? Draw a diagram to show the movement of a particle (like a pollen grain during Brownian motion.)

(b) In a beam of sunlight entering a room, we can sometimes see dust particles moving in a haphazard way in the air. Why do these dust particles move?

When a crystal of potassium permanganate is placed at the bottom of water in a beaker, the water in the whole beaker turns purple on its own, even without stirring. This is an example of:

(a) Distribution

(b) Intrusion

(c) Diffusion

(d) Effusion

Which one of the following statement is correct in respect of fluids?

(a) Only gases behave as fluids

(b) Gases and solids behave as fluids

(c) Gases and liquid behaves as fluids

(d) Only liquids are fluids.

A few substances are arranged in the increasing order of ‘forces of attraction’ between their particles. Which one of the following represents the correct arrangement?

(a) Water, air and wind

(b) Air, sugar, oil

(c) Oxygen, water, sugar

(d) Salt, juice, air

In which of the following conditions, the distance between the molecules of hydrogen gas would increase?

(i) Increasing pressure on hydrogen contained in a closed container

(ii) Some hydrogen gas leaking out of the container

(iii) Increasing the volume of the container of hydrogen gas

(iv) Adding more hydrogen gas to the container without increasing the volume of the container

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (i) and (iv)

(c) (i) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Out of the following, an example of matter which can be termed as fluid is:

(a) Carbon

(b) Sulphur

(c) Oxygen

(d) Phosphorus

The best evidence for the existence and movement of particles in liquids was provided by:

(a) John Dalton

(b) Ernest Rutherford

(c) J.J Thomson

(d) Robert Brown

Explain why:

(b) Steel is used to make railway lines.

(a) Why does a gas exert pressure?

(c) Why are gases so easily compressible whereas it is almost impossible to compress a solid or a liquid?

(a) When an incense stick (agarbatti) is lighted in one corner of a room, its fragrance quickly spreads in the entire room. Name the process involved in this.

(b) A girl is cooking some food in the kitchen. The smell of food being cooked soon reaches her brother’s room. Explain how the smell could have reaches her brother’s room.

Lakhmir singh solutions chemistry class 9 Solutions for Chapter 1 matter in our surroundings