Lakhmir Singh Solutions Class 10 Chemistry Solutions for Exercise in Chapter 2 - Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
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(a) Define an acid and a base. Give two examples of each.
(b) Give the names and formulae of two strong bases and two weak bases.
(c) What type of ions are formed:
(i) when an acid is dissolved in water?
(ii) when a base (or alkali) is dissolved in water?
(d) Write the neutralisation reaction between acids and bases in terms of the ions involved.
(e) Write any two important uses of bases
(a) Acids are that substances when dissolved in water dissociate completely to produce hydrogen ions and taste sour. It turns litmus paper from blue to red eg: HCl and H2SO4.
Bases are that substances when dissolved in water partially dissociate to produce hydroxide ions and taste bitter. It changes litmus paper from red to blue eg: NaOH and Mg(OH)2.
(b) Strong bases are Sodium hydroxide NaOH and potassium hydroxide KOH.
Weak bases are calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 and Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH.
(c) (i) Hydrogen ions are formed when acid is dissolved in water.
(ii) Hydroxide ions are formed when the base is dissolved in water.
(d) H+(aq) + OH–(aq) → H2O(l)
(e) Bases like sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture soap, paper, etc and calcium hydroxides are used to manufacture bleaching powder.
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